Structure and Bonding
Atomic and Molecular Orbitals

• Atomic Orbitals
- s orbitals
- 2p orbitals
- 3p orbitals
- 3d orbitals
- 4f orbitals
• Simple Molecular Orbitals
- Hydrogen
- Nitrogen
- Fluorine
- Methane
- Ethylene (Ethene)
- Acetylene(Ethyne)
- Allene
- Formaldehyde(Methanal)
- Acrolein
- Carbon Monoxide
- Hydrogen Fluoride
- Benzene
• Butadiene Molecular Orbitals
• Benzene Molecular Orbitals
• Aromaticity of cyclic polyenes

Spectroscopy

• Introduction
• Basic Mathematics
• Orbitals
• Vibrations
• Rotations
• UV/Vis
• Translations

Molecular vibrations-IR

• Water
• Hydrogen Cyanide
• Carbon Dioxide
• Ammonia
• Boron Trifluoride
• Methane
• Ethylene(Ethene)
• Phophorus Pentafluoride
• Iron Pentacarbonyl
• Benzene

Dipoles and Electrostatic surfaces

• Small Polar Molecules
• Unsaturated Molecules
• Lone Pair Conjugation
• Hydration of Carbonyl Compounds

UV - conjugation

• Butadiene v Ethylene
• Linear Polyenes

Stereochemistry

• Introduction
• Configuration
• Chirality R and S
• Chiral or achiral?
• Planes of Symmetry
• Chiral Allenes
• Chiral BINAP
• Centre of Symmetry
• Chiral spiroamides
• Feist's Acid Structures
• Diastereoisomers
• Symmetry of Diastereomers
• Conformations
• Multiple conformations
• Newman Projections
• Tartaric acid and Newman Projections
• Cyclohexane conformations
• Decalin conformations

Introductory Structures

• Linoleic acid
• Amino acids
• Carbon allotropes
• Cycloctatetraene
• Steroids and more
• Sucrose

Shapes of molecules VSEPR

• Water
• Ammonia
• Methane
• PF₅
• SF₄
• ClF₃
• SF₆
• XeF₄

An illustration of the shape of the 2p orbitals

m_l=0, ±1


p_x	p_y	p_z

Probability distribution of an electron in 2p orbitals - slice


p_x	p_y	p_z

Explore other atomic orbitals

s-orbitals |2p-orbitals |3p-orbitals | 3d-orbitals | 4f-orbitals

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