Aromaticity and π Molecular Orbitals – Frost circles

butadiene cyclopentadienyl anion cyclobutadiene cyclopropyl cation cycloheptatrienyl cation
Click the structures in turn and then the orbital energy levels to view the 3D models and molecular orbitals respectively.

Butadiene, cyclopentadienyl anion, cyclobutadiene, cyclopropylium cation and tropylium cation are featured here.

The calculated energy of the molecular orbital is shown in the top left corner.
• You can observe the degeneracy of pairs of molecular orbitals.
• Notice that increasing the number of nodes corresponds to increasing energy.

()

How useful was this page?

Click on a star to rate it!

Average rating / 5. Vote count:

No votes so far! Be the first to rate this page.

As you found this page useful...

Follow us on social media!

We are sorry that this page was not useful for you!

Let us improve this page!

Tell us how we can improve this page (in your own language if you prefer)? If you would like a response, please include your email address e.g. [email protected]

Provided by the