Structure and Bonding
Atomic and Molecular Orbitals

• Atomic Orbitals
• Simple Molecular Orbitals
- Hydrogen
- Fluorine
- Methane
- Ethylene (Ethene)
- Acetylene(Ethyne)
- Allene
- Formaldehyde(Methanal)
- Benzene
• Butadiene Molecular Orbitals
• Benzene Molecular Orbitals
• Aromaticity of cyclic polyenes

Molecular vibrations-IR

• Water
• Hydrogen Cyanide
• Carbon Dioxide
• Ammonia
• Boron Trifluoride
• Methane
• Ethylene(Ethene)
• Phophorus Pentafluoride
• Iron Pentacarbonyl
• Benzene

Dipoles and Electrostatic surfaces

• Small Polar Molecules
• Unsaturated Molecules
• Lone Pair Conjugation
• Hydration of Carbonyl Compounds

UV - conjugation

• Butadiene v Ethylene
• Linear Polyenes

Bonding orbitals in Benzene

benzene orbitals

Use the buttons to display the sp² orbitals that make up the sigma framework and the remaining p orbitals which form the pi-bonding orbital.

Explore bonding orbitals in other small molecules

Hydrogen | Fluorine | Methane | Ethylene | Acetylene | Allene | Formaldehyde | Benzene