Vacancy Defect Conduction – Sodium Chloride

The animation shows ionic conductivity occurring in sodium chloride. Ionic conduction occurs when a vacancy defect in the crystal allows for an ion to move through the open structure. The moving ion (Na+) follows a curved path to avoid getting too close to the chloride ions to reduce the energy required to conduct. View how the defect formation affects 3D structure.

This conduction has a wide variety of uses particularly in solid oxide fuel cells and other ceramics. These defects can also occur in fluorite structures.

Return to the ionic conductivity home page.

J.B. Goodenough, H. Y. P. Hong and J. A. Kafalas, Mater. Res. Bull., 1976, 11, 203-220.

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