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XL-784 is a lipophilic non-peptidomimetic hydroxamate MMPi however has poor bioavailability, polarity, solubility and molecular flexibility. Modifications to its structure led to the synthesis of DC-174, these include removal of the substituted benzene and replacing it with a methyl group. In attempt to improve the anti-coagulopathic activity the methoxypropane attached to the morpholine ring was changed to a sulfonylcyclopropane. This was successful as solubility went from 316 µM to >1000 µM and EC50 value dropped for each venom evaluated (e.g. EC50ERO went from 9.7 nM to 4.7 nM). The study showed that DC-174 neutralises all three of the structurally diverse SVMP sub-classes which is likely to the removed phenyl ring. DC-174 showed the reduction of SVMP isoform-mediated cleavage of clotting factors and venom-induced coagulopathy and protects against lethality and haemorrhage in a chicken embryo. Finally, it only takes 30 minutes for drug levels to reach their peak following oral dosage. but it has a short half-life (1.41h), this was improved by administering a second dose 1.5h after the first one.
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