Hantzsch pyridine synthesis Step 2: Formation of the ester enamine

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The second step is the formation of an ester enamine, which is produced by condensation of the second equivalent of the β-ketoester with ammonia.

Note: Step 1 and Step 2 can happen in either order

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H. G. O. Alvim, E. N. da Silva Júnior and B. A. D. Neto, RSC Adv., 2014, 4, 54282–54299.